The Anti Oppressive Theory In Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Example

The Anti Oppressive Theory In Social Work Social Work Essay Paper Anti-oppressive theory and pattern in societal work seeks foremost to recognize oppressionA in communities, societies, and civilizations, and thenceforth to extinguish the force per unit area and undo the sway of such subjugation. Anti-oppressive pattern is by and big understood to be an omnibus term that includes, but is non limited to, diverse pattern attacks like feminist, anti-racist, critical, extremist, and structural models. Anti-oppressive societal work bases as such for a assortment of theories and patterns that adopt the position of societal justness. It should therefore more suitably be considered to be a position or stance toward pattern instead than a pattern attack. We will write a custom essay sample on The Anti Oppressive Theory In Social Work Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Anti Oppressive Theory In Social Work Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Anti Oppressive Theory In Social Work Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Dominelli ( 1998 ) perceives anti-oppressive societal work to be a type of societal work pattern that searches for societal barriers and structural inequalities in activities that are conducted with service users or workers. Anti-oppressive pattern attempts to offer more suited, antiphonal and perceptive services by responding to the demands of persons without sing their societal position. Dominelli ( 1998 ) feels that it represents a individual oriented doctrine and an classless system of values that is concerned with decreasing the deadly consequences of structural inequalities upon the lives of people. It is a methodological analysis that focuses both on procedures and on results and is an attack of structuring relationships between individuals that strives to authorise users by decreasing the inauspicious consequences of hierarchy during their interaction with each other and the activities they do together. Social workers need to reenforce their abilities and attitudes for the behavior of anti-oppressive pattern in many ways. Dalrymple and Burke ( 1995 ) province that societal workers should obtain cognition and apprehension of their ain egos, the bulk societal systems, different groups and civilizations, and of cardinal human rights in order to efficaciously confront issues on personal and structural degrees and prosecute anti-oppressive patterns. This short survey takes up the demand of societal workers to go cognizant of and familiar with human rights and assorted cultural issues, particularly those relevant to their service users, in order to prosecute in effectual anti-oppressive pattern. Particular accent is given in the survey to domestic force against adult females of cultural and immigrant communities in Ireland, many of whom face physical and mental maltreatment in their families, even as they otherwise suffer from the prejudiced attitudes and behavior of people of mainstream and dominant communities. Cooking Social Workers for Anti-oppressive Practice Oppression is basically entrenched in society for the maintaining of its unequal position quo. Contemporary societal workers are sing the alone development of an anti-oppression attack that is bit by bit replacing long-established societal work theoretical accounts of single rehabilitation and self fulfillment. The verbalization and mounting edification of the anti- subjugation attack has been and continues to be well influenced by cultural, feminist, cheery and sapphic, disablement, and other societal motions. The demand to dispute inequality is an of import driver of anti-oppressive pattern, even as it is of import to recognize that all challenges may non be successful and moreover be distressing for the individual or group who are disputing and those who are being challenged. Anti-oppressive pattern obviously draws from a societal theoretical account of difference. It builds on societal constructionist theoretical accounts of differences, racial, cultural, gendered, and others, wh ich are created within the context of unequal societal power relationships. It therefore strongly argues for the development of pattern that confronts, challenges, and alters unequal constructions at all degrees. An of import dimension of disputing inequality concerns the edifice of self-awareness and apprehension of how the societal location of the societal worker influences the communicating between the worker and the persons or groups who are being challenged. The pattern of reflecting and thought is intrinsic to the anti-oppressive manner. Dominelli ( 2002, p 9 ) argues that cognition of oneself helps in fiting persons for set abouting anti-oppressive undertakings. Self-knowledge, for Dominelli, is cardinal to the scope of accomplishments required of a brooding practician. Social workers, to be successful in anti-oppressive pattern, should be able to critically reflect on their ain egos in pattern and on the ways in which their lifes influence their pattern relationships. The ability to critically measure the experiences of subjugation of service users requires them to analyze the ways in which personal, cultural and structural issues and processes manner the troubles that service users b ring up with service bureaus. An apprehension of human rights and assorted cultural issues, experts feel, can besides assist them significantly in cognizing their ain egos, gaining the impact every bit good as the grounds for continuation of subjugation in modern twenty-four hours society, and in turn toing such issues. Human Rights and Cultural Issues Anti-oppressive pattern, with its focal point on decrease of all signifiers of societal inequality, is closely associated with the conveying about of societal justness. Much of modern twenty-four hours oppressive activity goes against the dogmas of societal justness and concerns the undermining, denying or taking off of cardinal human rights of persons or groups of people. Human rights constitute the basicss on which modern twenty-four hours society has developed in the station Second World War epoch. Whilst human rights have increasingly developed over centuries, widespread consciousness about them grew merely after the 1940s in the wake of the holocaust atrociousnesss and the death of colonialism. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 by the United Nations was a measure taken by the planetary fraternity to guarantee that human rights would non be compromised in future by the actions of people, groups or provinces. Such rights include the right to life and belongings, the right of look, the right to security from favoritism and the right to protection from physical and mental injury. Oppression however continues to happen in societies across the universe, and frequently with the tacit of open support of assorted authoritiess that signed the UN declaration and thenceforth legislated to protect human rights in their ain states. Whilst subjugation and authorization in societal work pattern do associate to conveying about of societal justness, they do non stipulate minimum and cardinal demands for human being. This compels societal workers to see persons who have to set up for themselves when they are denied human rights by dominant powers. Social workers who are familiar with human rights can nevertheless readily and efficaciously use human rights positions to descry misdemeanors. They can see state of affairss of subjugation and favoritism as fortunes in which assorted infrastructural and legal resources can be applied for effectual riddance of subjugation or negation of its impact. The consciousness of human rights and acceptance of human rights positions can assist societal workers to border fortunes refering subjugation into those of misdemeanors of rights, thereby doing authoritiess and citizens accountable for turn toing and deciding such misdemeanors. Domestic force, favoritism and unequal instruction therefore become cases of misdemeanor instead than of unequal satisfaction of demands. Social workers with human rights positions can use greater force to the challenging of unjust resource distribution, inequality and subjugation. Awareness about the civilization of service users and the differences that exist between the civilizations of societal workers and different service users can besides assist societal workers on understanding different ways of subjugation, particularly so in groups like immigrants or cultural minorities, whose civilizations are immensely different from members of the dominant groups. Culture represents the integrated and distinguishable forms of behaviors, including ideas, values, beliefs, imposts and actions of racial, spiritual, cultural, or societal groups. It is considered to be the entirety of ways that is passed through coevalss and includes ways in which persons with disablements or individuals from different spiritual or cultural backgrounds experience their environments. With the chief mission of societal workers being the sweetening of wellbeing and assisting to fulfill cardinal human demands of individuals who are hapless, vulnerable, and oppressed, they can better their pattern effectiveness significantly by understanding and going sensitive to cultural diverseness and singularity. The acquisition of such cognition can assist societal workers in understanding the kernel of societal diverseness and subjugation with respect to race, cultural background, national beginning, age, sex, sexual orientation and physical or mental disablement. Such cognition and apprehension can assist in the accomplishment of cultural competency and enable them to incorporate and transform their cognition of individuals and groups of people into specific attitudes and patterns. Whilst the development of cultural competence is of import for societal workers, the diverse backgrounds of service users, particularly in urban locations, make this procedure hard and disputing. Oppression and Domestic Violence against Women Domestic force against adult females consequences straight from the inequalities between work forces and adult females. It denies adult females their really basic homo rights, i.e. the right to wellness and undermines the development of communities and societies. General factors like marginalization and poorness and specific facets like race or ethnicity, consequence in some adult females going more vulnerable to domestic force. Whilst work forces besides face domestic force, the lower societal position of adult females, particularly in certain communities and civilizations exposes them to greater hazard, even as the figure of incidences of domestic force against adult females appears to increase at an dismaying gait. Domestic Violence refers to the usage of physical or emotional force or menace of physical force, including sexual force ; in near grownup relationshipsaˆÂ ¦.The term domestic force goes beyond existent physical force. It can besides affect emotional maltreatment ; the devastation of belongings ; isolation from friends, household and other beginnings of support ; menaces to others including kids ; stalking ; and command over entree to money, personal points, nutrient, transit and the telephone. Such force causes extended physical, emotional and mental harm to adult females. It prevents them from take parting in society, limits their entree to resources and their ability to take portion in activities like work, travel and instruction. Apart from such inauspicious effects, domestic force against adult females amendss the physical, emotional and mental development of kids, hurts their public presentation in school and affects their life opportunities. Domestic force besides consequences in economic costs for the person and for society that arise from lost work, wellness attention costs and costs of societal work appraisal and intercession for adult females and other affected household members. Domestic force against adult females is a serious job in Ireland. A 2002 study on Sexual Abuse and Violence revealed that one adult female in four in Ireland had faced some kind of sexual maltreatment during her life-time and one in five had suffered sexual assault as an grownup. Ireland witnessed 109 slayings of adult females between 1996 and 2005, 72 of which occurred in their places. All the slayings were perpetrated work forces and 50 % of these by spouses or ex-partners. Ireland has been sing rapid inward migration since the 1990s, a phenomenon that has made one of the most homogeneous societies in the EU culturally and ethnically diverse. Whilst domestic force occurs across race, faith and category, migratory adult females sing force at place face extra structural barriers on history of in-migration position, deficiency of acquaintance with linguistic communication and racism, which significantly hamper their options for protection and support. A 2008 survey by Paula Fagan reveals that migratory adult females sing force at place face four of import barriers, viz. ( a ) in-migration statute law, ( B ) limitations on use of public financess, ( degree Celsius ) racism from larger society and banishment from ain communities on rhenium [ ort of maltreatment, and ( vitamin D ) cultural differences with, and deficiency of understanding from, mainstream society, which increase their hurt and exposure, cut down their options with respect to societal security, exacerbate their fright of isolation and create barriers their seeking of aid and protection. Fagan s study reveals that the discretional character of the state s in-migration system presents alone challenges both for adult females and societal workers in set uping rights, entitlements and protections for migratory adult females sing maltreatment. With no protections yet in topographic point for adult females whose position are dependent on their husbands/partners or for those restricted from societal public assistance payments, options for maintaining adult females safe are badly restricted. A key determination of this study is that, while there needs to be betterments in Ireland s domestic force legislative and policy model for all adult females, there are specific failures in this system for migratory adult females linked to in-migration statute law, policy and processs.

To Niche or Not to Niche

To Niche or Not to Niche One of the comments I hear most often when I tell friends about my books is, Your writing is too narrow. You need to broaden your appeal. And in a sense, theyre right. There cant be that many people reading about disaffected Mormons. And its not every Mormon who will pick up a book entitled Zombies for Jesus or Sex among the Saints. I started my writing career with an MFA thesis, a collection of short stories about my two years as a gay Mormon missionary in Italy. Now thats specific. I was told at the time, You need to appeal to a larger audience. But my professors werent criticizing me for writing about Mormons. This was the 1980s. They were criticizing me for writing about gays. Today there are so many gay novels being written that a writer would be easily lost amidst the crush of publications. And this is my beef with the criticism in general. My friends tell me to stop writing about Mormons and ex-Mormons and instead just write about people. I assure them that it is hard enough rising to the top among a pool of fifty writers. It would be next to impossible even to be noticed among a pool of tens of thousands. I have another beef with the criticism, too. No good author writes the sentence, The woman put on her best dress, looked in the mirror, and knew she was ready for a fun evening. What in the world does the reader know about how that character looks? We need specifics. Details are what make a story interesting. William Faulkner created an entire career writing about the folks in small-town Mississippi. Those werent just people. They were from a very specific culture and environment. Ill go one further. Isaac Bashevis Singer wrote about ultra-Orthodox Jews in the shtetls of Eastern Europe. Hows that for a niche audience? Especially since Need I remind anyone that both Faulkner and Singer won the Nobel Prize for Literature? Theres no guarantee that Ill ever sell more than four hundred copies of Mormon Underwear or Marginal Mormons, much less win any recognizable awards. But if I just write about generic people, Im even less likely to be noticed. There is simply too much competition out there. Its not a matter of being a big fish in a small pond. Its a matter of finding any water to thrive in at all. Im involved in the Mormon literary community, such as it is. I proofread for a progressive Mormon magazine (yes, there are a good three or four hundred progressive Mormons out there!). I proofread for a small Mormon publisher. I post on the Mormon blogs I follow and my own Mormon-themed blog. I help critique the work of other Mormon and ex-Mormon writers, and I financially support their work as well. And I follow that age-old maxim: write what you know. Yes, I have a niche audience, but the fact is, at least I have an audience.

A Definition of the Literary Term, Cacophony

A Definition of the Literary Term, Cacophony Similar to its counterpart in music, a cacophony in literature is a combination of words or phrases that sound harsh, jarring, and generally unpleasant. Pronounced Kuh-koff-uh-nee, the noun cacophony and its adjective form cacophonous, refer to the â€Å"musicality† of writing- how it sounds to the reader when spoken aloud.     Ã‚   Coming from a Greek word literally meaning â€Å"bad sound,† cacophony as used in both prose and poetry typically  produces its desired unharmonious effect through the repeated use of â€Å"explosive† consonants, like T, P, or K. The word cacophony itself is cacophonous because of its repetition of the â€Å"K† sound. On the other hand, some words like â€Å"screeching,† â€Å"scratching,† or â€Å"oozing† are cacophonies simply because they are unpleasant to hear. The opposite of cacophony is â€Å"euphony,† a mixture of words that sound pleasant or melodious to the reader. A common misconception is that any tongue-twister, like â€Å"She sells seashells by the seashore† is an example of cacophony. While cacophonous phrases can be tricky to pronounce, not every tongue-twister is a cacophony. For example, â€Å"She sells seashells by the seashore† is actually an example of sibilance- the repeated use of soft consonants to produce hissing sounds- and is thus more euphony than cacophony. Explosive Consonants: A Key to Cacophony In many cases, â€Å"explosive† consonants are the key ingredient of cacophony. Explosive or â€Å"stop† consonants are those after which all sound abruptly stops, producing tiny verbal explosions or â€Å"pops† when spoken aloud. The consonants B, D, K, P, T, and G are the consonants most commonly used in creating a cacophony. For example, imagine writing about a metal pot falling down a stairway. The pot would ping, ting, bong, dong, clang, and bang before going whack against your head. Other explosive consonants  or stop sounds include C, CH, Q, and X. Individual words, sentences, paragraphs, or entire poems are considered cacophonous when they contain explosive consonants occurring in relatively close succession. For example, in his classic poem â€Å"The Raven,† Edgar Allan Poe uses the â€Å"G† sound in a cacophony when he writes, â€Å"What this grim, ungainly, ghastly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore.†Or in William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Macbeth,† the three witches’ chant of â€Å"Double, double toil and trouble,† repeats the â€Å"D† and â€Å"T† sounds to create a cacophony. However, this does not mean that every consonant must be explosive or that explosive sounds must come in rapid succession. Indeed, most cacophonies use other, non-explosive consonant sounds to add to the passage’s expression of uncomfortable discord. In contrast, euphony- the opposite of cacophony- uses soft consonant sounds, like â€Å"floral† or â€Å"euphoria,† or â€Å"cellar door,† which linguists consider the most pleasing combination of two words in the English language. Why Authors Use Cacophony In both prose and poetry, authors use cacophony to help bring life to their writing by making the sound of their words reflect or even mimic the subject, mood, or setting they are writing about. For example, cacophony might be used in writing about: The tolling of distant bells.The noise of a busy city street or classroom full of unruly children.The chaotic violence of a battleground.Dark emotions like guilt, regret, or sorrow.A world filled with fantasy and mysterious settings. By using cacophony and euphony- alone or together- authors can add tone and feeling to their writing in much the same way graphic artists use clashing and complementary colors to bring depth and emotion to their paintings.   Cacophony in Lewis Carroll’sâ€Å"Jabberwocky† In his 1871 novel, â€Å"Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There,† Lewis Carroll created perhaps the best-known example of cacophony by the inclusion of the classic poem, â€Å"Jabberwocky.† The poem, which at once fascinated and confounded the novel’s main character Alice, uses cacophony in the form of invented, unmelodious words spiked with the explosive constants T, B, K to paint  a picture of life in a fantastical world terrorized by a gang of menacing monsters. (Listen to Benedict Cumberbatch read the poem in this video.) Twas brillig, and the slithy tovesDid gyre and gimble in the wabe:All mimsy were the borogoves,And the momeraths outgrabe.Beware the Jabberwock, my son!The jaws that bite, the claws that catch!Beware the Jubjub bird, and shunThe frumious Bandersnatch! Carroll’s cacophony of confusion clearly worked on the novel’s main character Alice, who after reading the poem, exclaimed: â€Å"Somehow it seems to fill my head with ideas- only I don’t exactly know what they are! However, somebody killed something: that’s clear, at any rate.† Contrast Carrolls use of cacophony in â€Å"Jabberwocky† with the pleasurable euphony used by John Keats in his pastoral ode, â€Å"To Autumn.† Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;Conspiring with him how to load and blessWith fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run. Cacophony in Kurt Vonnegut’s â€Å"Cat’s Cradle† In his 1963 novel â€Å"Cat’s Cradle,† Kurt Vonnegut creates the fictional Caribbean island of San Lorenzo, the natives of which speak a vaguely recognizable dialect of English. The San Lorenzan dialect is dominated by the explosive consonant sounds of TSVs, Ks, and hard Ps and Bs.   At one point, Vonnegut translates the well-known nursery rhyme â€Å"Twinkle Twinkle Little Star† (albeit the version used in Alice in Wonderland) into Lorenzan: Tsvent-kiul, tsvent-kiul, lett-pool store,(Twinkle, twinkle, little star,)  Kojytsvantoor bat voo yore.(How I wonder what you are,)        Ã‚  Ã‚     Put-shinik on lo sheezobrath,(Shining in the sky so bright,)Kam oon teetron on lo nath,(Like a tea tray in the night,) Throughout the novel, Vonnegut  uses cacophony comically to illustrate the absurdities of subjects like science, technology, religion, and the arms race by creating characters like Zinka and Bokonon and invented words like sinookas and wampeters, which are decidedly cacophonic due to their use of explosive consonants. Cacophony in Jonathan Swift’s â€Å"Gullivers Travels† In his satirical novel on human nature â€Å"Gullivers Travels,† Jonathan Swift uses cacophony to  create a graphic mental image of the horrors of war. I could not forbear shaking my head, and smiling a little at his ignorance. And being no stranger to the art of war, I gave him a description of cannons, culverins, muskets, carbines, pistols, bullets, powder, swords, bayonets, battles, sieges, retreats, attacks, undermines, countermines, bombardments, sea fights, ships sunk with a thousand men†¦ In similar passages, combining sharp sounds of the explosive consonants C and K add a nature of ruggedness and violence to words like â€Å"cannons† and â€Å"muskets, while P and B add to the discomfort felt while reading words like â€Å"pistols† and â€Å"bombardments.† But Does Cacophony Always Work?   While it can clearly add color and tone to writing, cacophony can sometimes do more harm than good.   If used for no good reason or too often, it can distract and even aggravate readers, making it hard for them to follow the work’s main plot or to understand its intent. Indeed, many authors strive to avoid injecting â€Å"accidental cacophony† into their works. As the noted literary critic M. H. Abrams points out in his book, â€Å"A Glossary of Literary Terms,† a cacophony may be written, â€Å"inadvertent, through a lapse in the writers attention or skill.† However, he stresses, â€Å"cacophony may also be deliberate and functional: for humor, or else for other purposes.† Key Points A cacophony in literature is a combination of words or phrases that sound harsh, jarring, and generally unpleasant.The opposite of cacophony is â€Å"euphony,† a mixture of pleasant or melodious words.The repeated use of â€Å"explosive† or â€Å"stop† consonants like B, D, K, P, T, and G are often used to create a cacophony.Cacophony is used in both poetry and prose.Writers use cacophony to help readers picture and feel the situations or conditions they are describing. Sources â€Å"Euphony and Cacophony.†Encyclopedia Britannica. Online.Bureman, Liz. â€Å"Euphony and Cacophony: A Writer’s Guide.† The Write Practice. Online.Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). â€Å"The Sounds of the Worlds Languages.†Oxford: Blackwell. p. 102. ISBN 0-631-19814-8.Abrams, M. H., â€Å"A Glossary of Literary Terms.†Wadsworth Publishing; 11 edition (January 1, 2014).   ISBN 978-1285465067

Loss Prevention Personnel Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Loss Prevention Personnel - Coursework Example The coursework "Loss Prevention Personnel" discusses a type of security guard, loss prevention personnel, that is hired directly through different companies to ensure the safety of the employees, company property, and to help reduce theft in places where goods and services are sold. This kind of employee may have several responsibilities within a company depending on their experience and educational background. The benefits to these jobs give individuals the ability to illustrate their understanding of central know-hows as they are decided to depend on the guard’s environmental background, and within a short time at all, it can boost their capacities or open doors to new opportunities through additional training and on the job. LPP have advantages among competition and are more likely to be promoted from within over new hires. This opportunity increases job opportunities and getting certification credits or in a degree program that will motivate you into wanting more pay and s how off your credentials. People eligible to work in criminal justice field are drug tested asked personal questions in the hiring process and feel that revealing this material is a violation of their rights and privacy because some positions in law require personal information about you. Within polygraph testing, the questions are very personal and are also made to ask you are who you say you are and want to know about your personal being, thoughts, past, opinions, secrets, and nationality to determine if you are eligible for hire.

China one child policy and its impact Term Paper

China one child policy and its impact - Term Paper Example It is oftentimes the case that governments around the world had been forced to take a type of mandated corrective action as a means of preventing something that the individual might not be able to do upon their own. Due to the fact that governments oftentimes have access to databases and statistics that the average citizen does not and the fact that governmental systems are specifically interested in promoting the longevity and survival of their particular nation inclusive of the current generation and well into the future, such actions have become more and more prevalent within the current world. Recent activities of such a nature have seen formerly separate and independent European nations submit themselves to a European Union and see and degree of their national sovereignty taken away. Naturally, this has engendered a key level of benefits that the respective stakeholders have deemed to be of greater value than the sovereignty loss. Trade agreements between ever write a different nations around the world have also been exhibited over the past several years; providing yet another example of the means by which governmental systems make key choices that the oftentimes deem to be in the best overall interests of the individuals within their society. However, of all of the government mandates that had been carried out within the past 50 years, perhaps the most conspicuous one is with regards to People’s Republic of China and its so-called â€Å"one child policy†. ... ld policy was instituted by Chairman Mao Tse Tung, the fact of the matter is that prior manifestations of this very policy had existed prior to its final institution into Chinese law in 1979; fully 3 years after Chairman Mao had died. As a result of many of the Communist Party’s social engineering projects immediately following the World War and their rise to power, it became clear that one way to avert many of China’s most historically challenging issues was to seek to provide a level of population control. Many times within the long history of Chinese culture, famines and other natural occurrences had threatened the very existence of the nation. As such, seeking to provide a reasonable and solid population foundation by which the development of the country could take place, varying levels of population control or instituted between the years of 1965 until the final implementation of the one child policy in 1979 (Nakra 137). However, these diverse and relatively unenfo rced directives were ultimately replaced by the one child policy due to the fact that few individuals within society cared to abide by the terms and conditions of a policy or directed that was ultimately without any repercussions and/or ramifications. Rather than merely helping to curtail and manage the population issues that China had, and continues to have, the one child policy has become something of a historical relic that although no longer pertinent in dealing with the problem it was intended continues to derive a high level of respect and support from the stakeholders within the Chinese society. One key aspect of the rhetoric that oftentimes surrounds an understanding and integration with the one child policy is the fact that many individuals misunderstand what this policy ultimately means.

Deconstruction of an Advertisement Essay Example for Free

Deconstruction of an Advertisement Essay Each day we are inundated with thousands of advertisements which contribute to shaping and defining our world views. As a capitalist society ads are crucial to attract the attention of the consumer. They are everywhere, whether it be a billboard, a commercial or a radio announcement, advertising reaches out and touches almost everyone living in our modern world. The effectiveness of an advertisement campaign has a huge influence on the purchaser. Ads are carefully constructed to appeal to the consumer in order to sell a product and to make a profit. An effective ad appeals to the emotion of the consumer as â€Å"80% of decisions are influenced by dormant emotions in the subconscious. †( ) through the ingenious construction of ad campaigns a consumers purchases are greatly influenced. The CK one ad campaign for the Calvin Klein brand is an excellent of the example of the thought and assembly needed in order to create an effective advertisement. Through the deconstruction of the CK one ad found in the April 2011 issue of Elle Canada it will be shown why the ad was created, how it’s used to grab the attention of its target audiences, and the use of hidden messages and social issues that are being expressed. The target audience of the CK One ad is clearly directed towards women as it appears in a magazine called Elle! Elle Canada has a 90% female readership ( ) whose ages generally range from a younger segment to a middle segment (18 to 34 and 35 to 54). Elle Canada has a large age demographic due to the fact that their articles encompass a broad audience and the magazine contains ads that focus on the younger market as well as advertisements focusing on middle aged women. Although Elle Canada has a large readership age range, the CK One ad seems to be targeting more directly the 18-24 and 24-35 age range. The advertisement incorporates a focus on social media and a ‘rebellious’ look which is often directed towards the younger market. Young people who are still questioning authority and who are still defining themselves will see the dark eye makeup and lassiez-fair ‘detached’ attitude of the model and feel attracted to the ad. Furthermore the ads target audience is aimed towards 18-34 year olds because it uses ‘technology’ to capture the audiences attention. The model is ‘trapped’ in the CK One box and in order to get in the box, the bottom left hand corner of the ad tells you that you can â€Å"Download the App at CKONE. COM†. The ad is definitely towards the 18-34 age group because ‘getting in the CK box’ with a rebellious young woman is ridiculous notion unless you’re a young person with very little responsibility. Finally, although the spending power of the older age groups is greater (Diversity: Targeting the Ever-Changing Marketplace, p35) it is trendy to market to and advertisers remain youth obsessed. The targeted income level for this advertisement seems to be for those from the middle-middle, or upper-middle class. Calvin Klein is an iconic American brand that is moderately expensive and is featured in respected magazines. The median income of and Elle Canada reader is around $70 000 ( ) therefore is it logical to assume that Calvin Kline is directing its ads at those who are willing to spend a little more. This advertisement would also be directed towards the Emulator-Achiever or Emulator groups. Emulators are young and impressionable people who will buy products to help them fit in (Duncan, p75). Emulators would be attracted to this ad because it offers the chance to fit in and join the CK One box; all you have to do is download the app! On another note, this ad would also be directed towards Emulator-Achievers because this group feels more comfortable with uptown brands such as Tiffany, Gucci or Stella Mcarthy and Calvin Klein is a very well known and respected American Brand. This brand offers prestige and it fits in with typical ideas of American wealth. Finally it appears that this advertisement is slightly more targeted for Caucasian’s. The model is Caucasian and there isn’t a single background model or object indicating the inclusion of any other racial groups. Although minorities represent a huge market and are predicted to exceed 1. 5 trillion in buying power, ( Diversity: targeting the ever changing market) Calvin Klein still uses mainly Caucasian models. Despite the fact that the ad features a white woman it could still be directed to a variety of racial groups because the model doesn’t necessarily represent a stereotypical white american girl; almost anyone can be a rebellious youth regardless of your ethnicity. Although her beauty and figure represent the social ideal her ebellious look is not necessarily the ‘norm’ and therefore enables more people to relate to it. Determining the target audience enables us to better interpret and understand the construction of an advertisement. Based on a target market, advertisers use eight main elements to create an ad that speaks to the heart. Ads that create emotional appeal are based on these eight elements; models, setting, copy, sound, color, point of view and details (Dun can, p77). In terms of the CK One ad, the model that was chosen was a young white attractive looking female. The model is in black lingerie and she is in a sexual pose. There is a hyper-sexualization of the model as her cleavage is very prominent and being pushed up against her bra. The models hair and makeup are messy with a ‘bed head’ look which suggest rebelliousness and late night partying which is considered both fun and exciting. Finally the facial expression of the model suggests a sexual and confident attitude. More over the model is very slim and her skin is flawless, her face is clear and her hair is blonde. The ‘perfection’ of the models skin and face reflect the ideals of society. Despite the models dark makeup and ‘bed head’ look she is our societies ideal with her blonde hair and beautiful figure. These ideals that the ad is promoting are completely unrealistic for the average female and it creates body image issues and warps both female and males idea about what an average person should look like. Furthermore through the continual use of impossibly beautiful models our society becomes body obsessed and through this many women and men experience body image issues. The CK One ad has been specifically and ingeniously positioned to promote the preferred reading. Most notable is the is the models physical position within the ad; her body, more specifically her cleavage, is framed between her hands which are pressed against the screen. The positioning of the models hands also frames the word, fuck, which has been discreetly positioned within the ad. The F is seen by the table which is cut off by the models buttocks, the U is seen in the models cleavage and the CK is to the right of the model, at chest level. Furthermore, through the technical code of camera angles the model is close-up with a slight low angle. These technical codes suggest power and intimacy with the model. The Ck One ad could be promoting their products by relating the suggested feelings of power and sexuality with the purchase of the product. The oppositional reading who be through a critical point of view that it is impossible to obtain any type of lasting feeling with a purchase of a material item. As for the captions, they are the only thing that has any coloring which draws attention to them. The most noticeable caption in big bold lettering that says CK One _Jeans_Underwear_Fragrance_ which is right next to the models cleavage. This caption is necessary to inform the reader what is being advertised because the model is only wearing plain black underwear it would be likely to assume that it was the only product. On the bottom left-hand corner of the Ad is says â€Å"Get in the CKONE box Download the app at CKONE. com† this caption really allows us to tie in the key concepts of the ad. The Calvin Klein ad also employs a font that ads to the incorporation of digital media. Lastly the fifth line of writing on the bottom left-hand corner says â€Å"Scan Ad to Reveal More† which could be referring to the hidden message (the word fuck) within the ad. Through the captions is it’s very clear that this Calvin Klein ad is trying to incorporate digital media and sex with the purchase of there products. In terms of the coloring of the advertisement, it is very unique because it supposed to represent screen to a computer or gaming device. The coloring is mostly black and white apart from the bright green which is used to draw attention to the captions. The color green is generally a calming color which represents wealth and well-being however it can also be used to symbolize envy or jealousy. The use of green indicates that Calvin Klein is a desired brand. Furthermore the green coloring is also placed just above the models forehead, this use of specific placement of the color could indicate 1st level cropping in which a models forehead is removed. By covering the top part of the models head with a different color advertisers objectify the model and remove any signs of her intelligence. On another note, the lighting that is used is artificial however it ties in with the setting. The setting is white relatively bare room, which is the ‘Ck One box’. The only furnishings are a stool, a table, two wooden boxes and game console. There is also a door with a visible knob; this indicates that the model is trapped in the ‘box’, however it is an exclusive place that you can get into- if you purchase the product and download the app. However this is where the oppositional reading come in; through the download of an ‘app‘ you will not enter the Ck one box you will not become a gorgeous model. The Ck One ad is trying to promote digital media therefore the bare setting could be used to represent whats behind your screen when you download the app. The limited settings also enable us to focus more closely on the model and the attitude she is giving. Gender representation also plays a key role the preferred reading of this Ad. Although the model is selling lingerie there is an irrelevant sexualization of the model ( Duncan, p. 46) The bra and panties that are being advertised are relatively plain and not the focal point of the ad; instead the ad is marketing the models body. The models cleavage is pouring out of her bra which actually distracts the audience from the bra itself, instead readers are led to believe that this lingerie will help them have the ‘perfect’ body. Furthermore, as mentioned previously, the ad also includes dismemberment. The presence of the green color above the models forehead which suggests objectification. Also the models legs are cut off below the knee which causes the reader to mostly focus on the core body of the model. This greatly objectives the model and females as a whole in advertising. Furthermore, there is also a bit of clowning present because majority of people do not stand in such a contorted position as the stance of the model. Although the model isn’t necessarily in a foolish or silly position her stance certainly is unnecessarily contorted in order to appear more sexual. These gender representations lead to the final conclusion that women are sexual objects to be looked at and played with (Duncan p. 48) All the elements used to construct the ad lead us to the general meaning of the ad: Sex. The meaning is so clear that it is even explicitly written within the ad. The models ‘look’ establishes the preferred reading. The preferred interpretation is that through the purchase of the CK One clothing line you will gain confidence and become sexually appealing while being fun and rebellious. Advertisers use body obsession and female insecurities to help sell products because through the preferred reading consumers believe that will look like the model through the purchase of the product (Duncan p14-15). This leads to us the oppositional reading, it is completely impossible and unrealistic to think that through the purchase of a product you will automatically you will automatically become beautiful and sexualy appealing. The reality is that most photographs of models have been retouched and realistically even the models dont look as good in real life. Calvin Klein has always used a variety of controversial ads ranging from pictures of a half-naked Kate Moss to an ad featuring young children wearing only Calvin Klein underwear. Shock advertising is used in order to generate more press and more profits. The Ck One is not an exception with its use of the subliminal message featuring the word fuck it is a clear example of shock advertising. Ultimately the theme of the ad comes down to rebellious sex. The CK One ad uses a variety of different elements in order to sell its products. First it employs the use of stereotypical gender representations. Although the model is in a ‘powerful’ position as she is staring directly at the camera and looking slightly downwards, she still in an overly sexual stance with very little clothes on. The models brain has been covered with a different color giving off the impression that she is laking intelligence. The model is beautiful and has a ‘perfect’ body. The advertisers played upon female insecurities and there desire for perfection in order to attract customers and make a profit. Another aspect that the advertisers used to attract attention to the ad was the rebellious look and the incorporation of digital media. The ad gives false promises that through the purchase of Calvin Klein clothing you will be a sexy, young rebel who fits in to the CK One box. Consumers should alway be aware of the image a brand is trying to portray and the affect it has on its target audience. Advertisers are trying to sell a message and our consumer society should be aware of how the advertisements shape and impact our everyday lives.

Promoting Family Values in Macbeth Essay example -- Macbeth essays

Promoting Family Values in Macbeth  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   The play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, was first printed in 1623, and is a play that is confrontational and disturbing to the values of the audience. Values such as truth, masculinity, security and goodness are all implied in the play, as their opposites are shown to be destructive and life shattering. Of all of Shakespeare’s plays, Macbeth is the one most obsessively concerned with evil. It is dark, brooding and bloodthirsty; by way of illustration, the only function of the messenger to Lady MacDuff is to prepare the audience for bloodshed. Blood in itself is considered an evil image and it aids in character development, as seen in the description of Macbeth at the start. According to Duncan, gutting someone like a fish is worthy of praise such as â€Å"Oh valiant cousin, Oh worthy Gentleman!† To the people of the age, being able to kill someone with such skill is a good thing†¦ of course, it does mean that Macbeth has the potential to snap. The evil imagery in the play also helps with the rising tension – the old man’s description of the horses devouring each other is a prime example of this. Macbeth himself is essentially evil as well; when he knows he is going to die, instead of taking the honorable way out by committing suicide he decides to take as many people with him as he can. It is somewhat ironic therefore that â€Å"Macbeth† means â€Å"son of life†. The evil that Macbeth and Lady Macbeth create within themselves means that the audience is made to experience the psychological emptiness involved in committing a murder. Evil is inevitably destructive, but it is also self-destructive. By murdering Duncan, Macbeth is destroying himself; his â€Å"single state of man† is shaken by his... ...elm.   Criticism on Shakespeare s Tragedies . A Course  Ã‚     of Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature. London: AMS Press, Inc., 1965.  Ã‚   Shakespeare, William.   Tragedy of Macbeth . Ed. Barbara Mowat and Paul  Ã‚   Warstine. New York: Washington Press, 1992.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Steevens, George. Shakespeare, The Critical Heritage. Vol. 6. London:  Ã‚   Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1981.  Ã‚   T.W. Shakespeare, the Critical Heritage. Vol. 5. London: Routledge & Kegan  Ã‚   Paul, 1979.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wills, Gary. Witches & Jesuits. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.     Epstein, Norrie, The Friendly Shakepeare, New York, Viking Publishing, 1993. Harbage, Alfred, Macbeth, Middlesex England, Penguin Publishing, 1956. Magill, Masterplots- Volume 6, New Jersey, Salem Press, 1949. Staunten, Howard, The Complet Illustrated Shakespeare, New York, Park Lane Publishing, 1979.      

Case study -Edward Essay

It was developed by his past experience from infancy up to present. The subject would feel depressed whenever he is experiencing paranoia and suspicion. This will lead for the subject to be deprived of sleep, lose his appetite and experience extreme sadness. He also experience feeling of hopelessness and worthlessness. When he was an infant, his father was always busy at work as a utility man. His mother is the only one who is always taking care of him. Although the subject was loved by his siblings, he still deeply longs for the love of a father; it is the main reason for the development of his impairment in interpersonal functioning. When the subject reaches his early childhood up to puberty, his longing for the love of a father is still with him. This longing for love of a father developed his hatred. He thinks that his father doesn’t love him because he is not spending so much time with him. There was an instance where he embarrassed his father in front of his friends by answering back without respect. The subject feels guilty after that incident. He knows that he should have not done that. And when he was in college, he was accused of being involved in a  fight between two fraternities because of his tattoo. This triggers his suspiciousness and paranoia. He thinks that people around him are talking about his involvement in that fight. In fact, he even thinks that some of his friends are NBI agent trying to spy on him. He becomes very depressed because of his anxiousness. He even experience visual and auditory hallucination. This affects his perception towards himself and the environment. As a result, his overall functioning became impaired by making him deviate from what he believes is real from unreal and right from wrong. Abnormal content of thought The patient’s content of thought was abnormal. It is deeply depressed and anxious. Because of his visual and auditory hallucinations, his paranoid ideation was developed for he believes that what he sees and what he hear is true. The patient has delusion of persecution. He would think that people around him are always talking about him. He even hears voices from television and radio talking about him. He thinks that people around him are planning something to destroy him. This resulted for the subject to became depressed and be emotionally unstable. Because of his paranoid ideation, the subject becomes very anxious about people around him. He thinks that vendors and door-to-door salespersons are NBI agents trying to get information about him. He even thinks that his friends, classmate and relatives are conspiring against him. The subject also has a delusion of grandeur. He thinks that he is very popular worldwide. He is also having a suicidal thought but is afraid in acting upon it. The patient is also having a feeling of hopelessness and worthlessness as he says â€Å"wala nang kwentang mabuhay†. He even feels that he has no allies and everyone is against him, he said that, â€Å"wala na kong kakampi†. This also triggers his impairment in overall functioning. Illogical form of thought The patient has a thought insertion. He is calling it â€Å"dagdag bawas†. He said that there were times that his thought were being taken away and then brought back. His form of thought was illogical. He thinks that people around him are spying and conspiring against him. He is having irrational suspicion about people around him due to his auditory hallucinations that  made him anxious. He is acting accordingly to his auditory hallucinations which are commanding him to do things. He would also rather hear a word which is out of context of what is being said to him or latter added in a word changing the meaning of the sentence. Distorted perception The patient’s perception was distorted; he would think that what he it was made of human flesh. He decided not to eat anymore because he believes that it will make him more of a sinner. He believes that he is an â€Å"aswang† and everything he ate was made up of human flesh. He decided to stop eating because he thinks that it will make him more of a sinner. He also believes that he deserves to die and acted upon it by slashing his wrist with a knife. He views himself differently far from what is real. This resulted for the subject to lose his appetite and loss his interest in things. He also believes that he is known internationally. He would also believe that people around him are conspiring against him to destroy him. This resulted for the patient to withdraw. Increasing his anxiety, and impaired his overall functioning. Mood and affect His mood was deeply depressed and anxious. It is due to his paranoid ideas about his friends and family conspiring against him. He even said that â€Å"wala na kong kakampi† because he thinks that everyone around him are destroying him. He even thinks that his family is spying on him too. He is preoccupied with that thought. His affect was constricted due to his lack of emotional reactivity. It is the result of his depression because he finds it hard to express his emotions and feelings. In fact, in his MSE report, there are no verbal outputs about his speech, thought process, thought content, judgment and insight, and reliability. Impaired sense of self The subject’s sense of self was impaired due to his unawareness of his physical and mental state, he believes that the problem is not in himself but in the environment, although he is somewhat right in that point considering the environmental factors that which have led to his impairment, but in reality the problem was inside himself, he is the only one who can help himself and of course the origin of his disease was his weak sense of  self due to his inability to fight it off, he easily believed his hallucinations and his distorted perception about people, things and his self, in other words he was the one who pushed himself to madness. He believed that he is an â€Å"aswang† making him to decide to stop eating. He also believes that he deserves to die and acted upon it by slashing his wrist with a knife. Altered volition The subject’s course of action was altered by his false beliefs about things around him. He stops on eating because he believes that he is an â€Å"aswang† and everything he ate was made out of human flesh. He also decided to withdraw due to his paranoid ideations about people around him. He viewed most of the people around him to be NBI agent spying on him. He even reacts accordingly to his auditory hallucinations which are commanding him to do things that are harmful to him. He also decided to kill himself by slashing his wrist with a knife because he believes that he deserves to die. Impaired interpersonal function It is first developed when the subject is still a child. His father is not always around him making him envious with other kids which have a good relationship with their father. This longing of fatherly love developed hatred towards his father. He even embarrassed his father in front of his friends by shouting and cursing at him. This incident made his relationship to his father more difficult. And when he was in college, he was mistakenly accused as one of the students who started the fraternity fight because of his tattoo. After that incident, gossip still continues about him being involved about the fight which is believed to be drug related. This made the subject to be very anxious about people around him. He thinks that his classmates are NBI agents in civilian trying to spy on him. Because of his paranoid ideations, his interpersonal activity decreased because he decided to withdraw. It made him depressed and loss his interest in things. Change in psychomotor function There was a drastic change in the patient’s psychomotor function after the incident of being mistakenly accused of being involved in a fight two  fraternities. His suspiciousness towards people around him is extreme to the point that he believes that even his family is conspiring against him. He experience slowing of movements described as â€Å"kilos parang zombie†. This is the result of his loss of appetite and interest in things. He is also having difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep. It made him unhealthy and affected his psychomotor functions. As a result, his interpersonal relationship was affected because of his condition. He became depressed and decided to withdraw and isolate himself. This made the subject have low self esteem and feels inadequate. Depression Depressed or sad The subject’s depression was due to his past unhappiness. It may be the result of his guilt feelings about his relation to his father and to his brother’s business. He feels guilty about embarrassing his father in front of his friends by shouting and cursing at him. And the incident of being mistakenly accused of being related to a fraternity fight made him depressed. After that incident, gossip about him still continued and precipitated his illness. He became very anxious about people around him and made him preoccupied with his paranoid ideation. As a result, the subject loss his appetite and interest in things. His interpersonal relationship is also affected and his overall functioning became impaired. Guilt Feelings The subject’s guilt feelings are the result of his past unhappiness. When he was in high school, there was an incident where he embarrassed his father in front of his classmate by shouting and cursing to him. He feels guilty after it but he did not apologize. He also feels guilty to the closure of his brother-in-law’s electronic shop. He thinks that he is the reason why the business became bankrupt and felt guilty about it. This resulted for the subject to become depressed in feel self worthlessness. He thinks that he is good for nothing as the voices in his head telling him that he is â€Å"walang kwenta†. Feelings of worthlessness Because of his paranoid ideations, he becomes very anxious about people  around him. He started to think that everyone is against him and he has no allies. This made him think that it is not worth living and he deserves to die. There are even voices who is telling him derogatory remarks like, â€Å"walang kwenta†, â€Å"lapastangan† , â€Å"gago† , and â€Å"rapist† which made the subject made more less worthy of himself. His feeling of worthlessness triggers his suicidal thought. He acted upon it by cutting his wrist with a knife. Hopeless and helplessness The subject felt hopeless and helpless due to his paranoid ideations. He believes that his classmates are NBI agent in civilian trying to get information about him after he was accused of being involved in the fraternity fight. He thinks that everyone around him is against him. He also thinks that he has no allies left even his own family. He believes that his family is talking about him and saying that he is good for nothing. He was once heard saying â€Å"wala na kong kakampi†. He viewed people around him suspiciously. This worsened his depression and he feels more worthless, hopeless, and helpless and drove him to the idea of suicide. Feeling of inadequacy The subject has feeling of inadequacy because of lack of fatherly love. He feels envious to other kids who have a good relationship with their father. His feeling of inadequacy is also caused by his guilt feelings about his brother-in-law’s business closure. As a result, the subject feels worthless, hopeless, and helpless. There are voices in his head saying that he is â€Å"walang kwenta†. It made him feel that he is really good for nothing. He said that he has no allies left even his own family and he thinks that he deserves to die. This triggers the subject to commit suicide. Suicidal Ideation The subject’s suicidal ideation is due to his feeling of worthlessness, hopelessness, and helplessness. He thinks that everyone around him, even his family and relatives, are conspiring against him. He said that he has no allies left. He feels inadequate and he believes that he is good for nothing. He even heard voices telling him that he is â€Å"walang kwenta† and he  heard a voice calling him â€Å"Judas†. It made him depressed and he decided to commit suicide just the way Judas did. He hanged himself with a rope but he failed in doing so. The thought that he deserves to die trigger him to finally do his suicide attempt by cutting his wrist with a knife. Anxiety His anxiety was triggered after he was mistakenly accused of being involved in the fight of two fraternities. After that incident, gossip about his involvement continued. That is the time when the patient started to think that some of his classmates are NBI agents in civilian trying to get information and spy on him. He became very anxious about people around him. He is preoccupied with the thought of being watched by someone. He suspected even the vendors and door-to-door salesperson to be NBI agents. As a result, his social functioning was affected by his anxiety and paranoid ideations. Social Isolation and withdrawal The patient has a lot of anxiety and paranoid ideas around people around him. There is an incident where he is alone one night, he felt someone touching his ear and calling his name. This made him depressed and made him withdraw. He isolates himself because of the thought that he is being watched by people around him. He feels suspicious even to his family. He thinks that everyone is conspiring against him to destroy him. His feelings of inadequacy also reinforce his attitude of social isolation. He feels that he is good for nothing and he has no allies left even his own family. His delusion of persecution is the main reason of his social isolation and withdrawal. Low Self-esteem The subject has low self-esteem because of lack of fatherly love. He feels envious to other kids who have a good relationship with their father. His low self-esteem is also caused by his guilt feelings about his brother-in-law’s business closure. As a result, the subject feels worthless, hopeless, and helpless. There are voices in his head saying that he is â€Å"walang kwenta†. It made him feel that he is really good for nothing. He said that he has no allies left even his own family and he thinks that he deserves to die. This triggers the subject to commit suicide. His low self-esteem is also caused by his paranoid ideation and illogical thinking about people around him.

What Is Fire Safety Engineering Environmental Sciences Essay

IntroductionFire safety applied scientists utilize fire scientific discipline and engineering to protect human life and human belongings in instance of fire. It involves fire safety design, fire safety technology and fire safety direction for the design intent. Over the past several centuries, fire safety technology has evolved significantly, from early applications to forestall inferno to the latest application of fire restrictions such as fire compartmentalisation. The developments of fire safety applied scientist seem to be matured until the ulterior portion of twentieth century, particularly after 911 event. Therefore, fire safety applied scientists must see important ethical concerns such as professional behavious and proof of theoretical accounts.DefinitionWhat is â€Å" Fire Safety Engineering † ? Harmonizing to the definition by the Institution of Fire Engineers of UK â€Å" The application of scientific and technology rules, regulations ( Codes ) , and adept judgement, based on an apprehension of phenomena and effects of fire and of the reaction and behavior of people to fire, to protect people, belongings and the environment from the destructive effects of fire. † Fire safety technology represent a group of professional applied scientist with broad cognition about fire in term of fire and human behavior. Harmonizing to the society of fire protection applied scientist of US, it indicates that the major aim of fire safety technology is application of technology rules and fire scientific discipline to protect human life and belongings from destructive fire, which including following important activities ( Institution of Fire Engineers of UK ) : Fire jeopardies analysis extenuation of fire harm by proper design, building, agreement, and usage of edifices stuffs, constructions, industrial procedures, and transit systems the design, installing and care of fire sensing and suppression and communicating systems, and post/fire probe and analysis. is familiar with the nature and features of fire and the associated merchandises of burning understands how fires originate, spread within and outside of buildings/structures, and can be detected, controlled, and/or extinguished, and is able to expect the behaviour of stuffs, constructions, machines, setup, and procedures every bit related to the protection of life and belongings from fire.Role of fire safety technologyHarmonizing to the Society of Fire Protection Engineers, a fire safety applied scientist applies scientific discipline and technology rules to protect people, places, workplaces, concerns and environment from destructive fires. Fire applied scientists analyze how edifices are used, how fires start and grow, and how fires and fume affects people and human behavior. For the latest fire protection engineerings, fire safety applied scientists can plan fire control system, sensing and communicating system and supply agencies of flight program by evaluate different fire scenarios within the edifice. Furthermore, fire safety research on fire rated merchandises and building stuffs are normally conducted presents, which reinforces applied scientists ‘ function to look into fire to detect fire behavior such as fire spreads, smoke spreads, protective steps and those critical opposition demand. Safety and cost effectivity in design has to balanced in order to supply equal protection for both belongings and its residents.Prescriptive codificationsFor general fire technology design, applied scientists will reexamine a proposal design for regulative conformity or local codification, such as Code of Practice, Building Regulations A & A ; B and NFPA Life Safety Code, which are called normative codifications. Prescriptive codification provide a counsel on effectual fire safety direction schemes with a complete solution in footings of safety programs, system procedures and direction tools, in order to set up a solid foundation to back up technology designs.Alternate attackFire Safety Engineering offers an alternate attack to accomplishing fire safe design solutions when compared to prescriptive codifications and regulative controls. The public presentation based methodological analysiss associated with fire technology provide chances for a hazard based rating to accomplish greater degrees of safety whilst leting the interior decorator and designer more range in accomplishing their aspirations for modern designs. In most instances the costs of supplying acceptable degrees of fire safety are lessened when following a fire engineered design solution. Harmonizing to Approved Document B â€Å" Fire Safety † in the Building Regulations 2000, â€Å" Fire safety technology can supply an alternate attack to fire safety. It may be the lone practical manner to accomplish a satisfactory criterion of fire safety in some big and complex edifices, and in edifices incorporating different utilizations, e.g. airdrome terminuss †Aspects 1 -Professional behaviousFire technology provides an effectual and efficient fire safety degree for a undertaking design with a lower limit of obstructors. It has to run into the international and national criterions as reference above as in the normative codifications and besides based on the design applied scientists ‘ experience and cognition. Additionally, alternate design considerations may be required based on client demands, i.e. authorities authority.. Fire safety applied scientists design protection system, such as fire sprinklers, pipes alliance, smoke design and direction, fire dismay system, fire sensing system and other particular jeopardies systems. Other than that, fire protection applied scientists ever collaborate to the professional design of structural fire opposition, means of emersion and fire rated building. As undertakings become more complex, and many people become more reliant on fire safety system. It is going more of import and clear that it is good to affect fire safety applied scientists at the earliest phases of design planning, from construct design and through to technology design phases. Benefits of incorporating fire technology into the nucleus design include a greater grade of design flexibleness, better fire safety solutions, a maximization between cost and the benefits it provides and the higher possibility for invention design and building. Conversely, if no fire protection applied scientists are invol ved in the undertaking squad until fire technology jobs are identified, holds can ensue as the fire protection applied scientist analyzes the job and develops solutions. At this phase there may be design options are likely to be more stiff than if fire technology input was more in the construct phase, and clip spent on old blessing phases will necessitate to be overcome once more as if big adequate alterations to plan has occurred which necessitates extra reappraisals and blessings. It is likely that design solutions from the fire applied scientists may be met with opposition to alter by squad members from other subjects, given that the design is at such a ulterior phase. By the usage of public presentation base blessing, a good balance of cost and safety issues allows for the decrease of building cost monetary value and frequently gives the designer and/or developer more freedom as to the in their design/construction of the structure.. Aspects 2 – Validation of patterning Validation is the procedure of finding the grade of understanding between manner anticipation and existent universe events ( Gritzo, L.A. , Senseny P.E. , Xin Y. and Thomas, J.R. , 2005 ) . The end of proof is to quantify assurance in the prognostic capableness of the theoretical account. Therefore the appraisal of theoretical account proof between theoretical account result and experimental consequences is really of import. It is because the truth of fire behaviour anticipation is extremely depending on the fire probe or fire modeling trial. Harmonizing to the fire safety diary ( Joyeux, D, 2002 ) , experimental probe of fire door behavior during a natural fire, it was indicated that they are over designed comparison to the thermic conventional fire and the natural fire. The consequences of the existent fire testing determined that the standard fire does non stand for a realistic representation of constructing constituent under existent fire. Besides the fire opposition clip demand does non match to the behavior of constructing constituent in existent fire. Modeling is of import for public presentation base design, as a professional fire applied scientist, patterning improves our cognition about fire component behavior and natural fire state of affairss.DecisionIn decision, fire safety technology has evolved significantly, and presents undertaking design has matured in its attitude about the development and probe of fire events. As a professional fire applied scientist, the above standards of ethical thought such as professional behavior and proof of patterning must be identified and discussed. Besides the above ethical facet, other subject such as public information, professional ordinance and safety versus cost can be considered for farther survey.

The story of an hour short essay Essay Example

The story of an hour short essay Essay Example The story of an hour short essay Essay The story of an hour short essay Essay Essay Topic: The Wonderful Wizard Of Oz Irony in The Story of an Hour. In The Story of an Hour Mrs. Mallard is greeted by her sister and friends who speak very gentle and in euphemistic talk of the death of her beloved husband. She weeps for a great while, trying to think of how she is going to go on. After she has cried all she could, she retreats to her room to mourn in solitude. She sits and looks out the window, and is slowly becoming more and more adapted to the thought of her husband being gone. Eventually she is overcome with a longing for freedom, and is relieved her husband has passed on. She loved him sometimes, but she is now eeling her own sense of being. She goes back down the stairs feeling better than ever, and more full of ease. As she reaches the bottom of the stairs, she hears the door open. Brantley Mallard is walking through the door, and as soon as she sees him she dies ofa heart attack. Irony can be seen in most everyday situations. Whether it be an ambulance driver running over the impaired patient, or in classic movies like the Wizard of Oz when the cowardly lion only wants courage and discovers he had it all along. Sometimes it may be quite humorous, other times tragic. Much like in The Story of an Hour. The irony pulsates in this story, mostly tragic, some funny. At the start of this short story Mrs. Mallards sister and friends assume that Mrs. Mallard and her husband had a very wonderful marriage and were very deeply in love, they take great lengths to tell her gently about the death of her so thought beloved husband. She seems very much upset at the thought of her husband no longer being around at first. After her fit of crying, she realizes how wonderful her life would be. She realized all these years she has had a horrible life with this man. She loved him sometimes and thought she was free, free, free. When he arrives back home without a single scratch on him, Mrs. Mallard dies of a heart attack. This is also irony for the reader. One would suspect Mrs. Mallard to stay in her period of grieving for a long amount of time, not see her become more alive than before in a single hour. A short while later, she is surprised with the return of her husband that results in a quick death of Mrs. Mallard. She is thought to be dying of a sudden shock of happiness, but she died from the overwhelming shock of disappointment. She was finally Free, free, free to do as she wished, and to live as fully as she had always wanted, for those few short moments.

Co-Conspirators of John Wilkes Booth

Co-Conspirators of John Wilkes Booth When Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, John Wilkes Booth was not acting alone. He had a number of conspirators, four of whom were hanged for their crimes a few months later.   In early 1864, a year before the Lincoln assassination, Booth had hatched a plot to kidnap Lincoln and hold him hostage. The plan was audacious, and hinged on seizing Lincoln while he rode in a carriage in Washington. The ultimate goal was apparently to hold Lincoln hostage and force the federal government to negotiate and end to the Civil War that would have left the Confederacy, and slavery, intact. Booths kidnapping plot was abandoned, no doubt because it had little chance to succeed. But Booth, in the planning stage, had enlisted several helpers. And in April 1865 some of them became involved in what became the Lincoln murder conspiracy. Booths Main Conspirators: David Herold: The conspirator who spent time on the run with Booth in the days following Lincolns murder, Herold had grown up in Washington, the son of a middle class family. His father worked as a clerk at the Washington Navy Yard, and Herold had nine siblings. His early life seemed ordinary for the time. Though often described as simple minded, Herold had studied to be a pharmacist for a time. So it seems he must have exhibited some intelligence. He spent much of his youth hunting in the woods surrounding Washington, experience which was helpful in the days when he and Booth were being hunted by Union cavalry in the woods of southern Maryland. In the hours following the shooting of Lincoln, Herold met up with Booth as he fled into southern Maryland. The two men spent nearly two weeks together, with Booth mostly hiding in the woods as Herold brought him food. Booth was also interested in seeing newspapers about his deed. The two men managed to cross the Potomac and reach Virginia, where they expected to find help. Instead, they were hunted down. Herold was with Booth when the tobacco barn where they were hiding was surrounded by cavalry troopers. Herold surrendered before Booth was shot. He was taken to Washington, imprisoned, and eventually tried and convicted. He was hanged, along with three other conspirators, on July 7, 1865. Lewis Powell: A former Confederate soldier who had been wounded and taken prisoner on the second day of the Battle of Gettysburg, Powell was given an important assignment by Booth. As Booth was killing Lincoln, Powell was to enter the home of William Seward, Lincolns secretary of state, and murder him. Powell failed in his mission, though he did severely wound Seward and also injure members of his family. For a few  days after the assassination, Powell hid in a wooded area of Washington. He eventually fell into the hands of detectives when he visited the boardinghouse owned by another conspirator, Mary Suratt. Powell was arrested, tried, convicted, and hanged on July 7, 1865. George Atzerodt: Booth assigned Atzerodt the task of murdering Andrew Johnson, Lincolns vice president. On the night of the assassination it seems Atzerodt did go to the Kirkwood House, where Johnson was living, but lost his nerve. In the days following the assassination Atzerodts loose talk brought him under suspicion, and he was arrested by cavalry troopers. When his own hotel room was searched, evidence implicating him in Booths plot was discovered. He was arrested, tried, and convicted, and hanged on July 7, 1865. Mary Suratt: The owner of a Washington boardinghouse, Suratt was a widow with connections in the pro-southern Maryland countryside. It was believed she was involved with Booths plot to kidnap Lincoln, and meetings of Booths conspirators had been held at her boardinghouse. She was arrested, tried, and convicted. She was hanged along with Herold, Powell, and Atzerodt on July 7, 1865. The execution of Mrs. Suratt was controversial, and not only because she was female. There seemed to be some doubt about her complicity in the conspiracy. Her son, John Suratt, was a known associate of Booth, but he was in hiding, so some members of the public felt she was essentially executed in his stead. John Suratt fled the United States but eventually was returned in captivity. He was put on trial, but acquitted. He lived until 1916.

Journal entry #7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal entry #7 - Essay Example experience as a previous ESL student, the responses were gathered and evaluated addressing the specific research question, to wit: â€Å"On their own, outside of the structure of ESL classes, to what degree do International students use technology to practice English language and communication skills?† (KasapoÄŸlu-Akyol, 2010, p. 231). The findings revealed that all students relayed manifesting problems in at least one language skill from the identified speaking, writing, reading or listening skills. Further, all those interviewed confirmed that they used diverse technological tools such as software programs through the Internet, their laptops, digital cameras to record lip movements, and electronic dictionaries, among others. Finally, when asked how technology assisted them in improving language and communication skills, the participants responded that these tools facilitated learning enabling them to save time and effort and providing opportunities for practicing and learn ing in a more conducive and interesting environment. The article is useful for educators of ESL students in terms of enhancing awareness on the crucial role that technology plays in improving both communication and language skills. Through the experience of six ESL students from diverse cultural orientations, the study illumined academic practitioners in identifying which specific technological tools are instrumental in providing opportunities to practice and learn outside the classroom